North Sumatra is a province located on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia. This province is a multi-ethnic region that is inhabited by many tribes.
Geografis
North Sumatra Province is located at 1 ° - 4 ° north latitude and 98 ° - 100 ° east longitude, land area of North Sumatra Province 71,680 km ².
North Sumatra can basically be divided into:
* East Coast
* Bukit Barisan Mountains.
* West Coast.
* Islands of Nias.
East coast is a region in the province of the fastest growing because of the infrastructure requirements are relatively more complete than any other region. Eastern coastal region is also a relatively densely populated than other areas of concentration.
In the middle area of the province lined Bukit Barisan Mountains. In these mountains there are several plateaus which are pockets of population concentration. But the most dense residential population in the eastern region of this province. The area around Lake Toba and Samosir Island is also home to residents who depend on this lake.
Commonly known as the west coast Tapanuli area.
Boundaries
| Northen | province of Aceh and the Strait of Malacca |
| Southern | province of Riau, West Sumatra Province, Indonesia and the Ocean |
| Western | province of Aceh and Indian Ocean Indonesia |
| Eastern | Strait of Malacca |
There are 419 islands in the North Sumatra propisi. Outer islands is the island Simuk (Nias island), and the idols in Strait island of Sumatra (Malacca).
Nias Islands consists of the main island of Nias island and other small islands around it. Nias Island lies off the west coast in the Indian Ocean coast. Government center is located in Mount Sitoli.
Batu Islands consist of 51 islands with four large islands: Sibuasi, Pini, Tanahbala, Tanahmasa. Central government on the island Sibuasi Pulautelo. Stone islands located in the southeastern islands of Nias.
Other islands in North Sumatra: Imanna, tubs, Bawa, Hamutaia, Batumakalele, Lego, Period, Bau, Simaleh, Makole, Jake, and Sigata, Wunga.
In North Sumatra, there are currently two national parks, namely Gunung Leuser National Park and Batang Gadis National Park. According to Minister of Forestry, No. 44 of 2005, forest area in North Sumatra currently 3,742,120 hectares (ha). Which consists of the Area Reserves / Natural Areas Preservation area of 477,070 ha, 1,297,330 ha of protected forest, limited production forest 879,270 ha, 1,035,690 ha of Permanent Production Forests and Forest Production which can be converted area of 52,760 ha.
But this figure is a de jure nature only. Because de facto, there is no forest area again. Happens a lot of damage due to encroachment and illegal logging. So far, it's been over 206 000 ha of forests in Sumatra has undergone a change in function. Has turned into plantations, transmigration. Of the area, a total of 163,000 ha to 42,900 ha of plantation area and for transmigration areas.
Government
Government center is located in North Sumatra city of Medan. Previously, North Sumatra province of Sumatra belong to the moment Indonesia became independent in 1945. In 1950. North Sumatra Province was formed covering most of Aceh. In 1956, Aceh was separated into the Autonomous Region of North Sumatra Province.
North Sumatra is divided to 25 districts, 8 cities (former municipality), 325 sub-districts and 5456 villages / village.
Population
North Sumatra province is the fourth largest population in Indonesia after West Java, East Java and Central Java. According to the results of a complete enumeration of Census of Population (SP) in 1990 the population of North Sumatra on October 31, 1990 (Census Day) amounted to 10.81 million people, and in 2002, the population of North Sumatra is as busy as 11.85 million people. Population density of North Sumatra in 1990 was 143 inhabitants per km ² and in 2002 increased to 165 people per km ², while the increased levels of population growth of North Sumatra during the period 1990-2000 is 1.20 percent per year.
Labor Force Participation levels (LFPR) of North Sumatra each year is not fixed. In 2000 LFPR in this area amounting to 57.34 per cent, in 2001 rose to 57.70 percent, in 2002 rose again to 69.45 percent.
And the last based on the results of Population Census 2010 census, the population of North Sumatra province reached 12,985,075 people,
Tribe
North Sumatra is a multi-ethnic province with Batak, Nias, and the Malays as the indigenous people of this region. Eastern seaboard of North Sumatra, is generally inhabited by the Malays. West coast of Barus until Christmas, many people living Minangkabau. The central region around Lake Toba, many Batak tribe who inhabited by mostly Christian. Nias island tribe in the west. Since the opening of the tobacco plantations in East Sumatra, Dutch East Indies colonial government brought many contract laborers employed on the plantation. Immigrants are mostly from ethnic Javanese and Chinese. Distribution center tribes in North Sumatra, as follows:
1. Malay Deli: East Coast, especially in the district of Deli Serdang, Serdang Bedagai, and Langkat
2. Karo Batak Tribe: Karo Regency
3. Toba Batak tribes: North Tapanuli, Humbang Hasundutan, Toba Samosir
4. Batak tribe Mandailing: Mandailing Natal
5. Batak tribe Angkola: South Tapanuli and ^ Back to top
6. Batak tribe Simalungun: District Simalungun
7. Batak tribe Pakpak: Dairi and West Pakpak
8. Interest Nias: Nias Island
9. Minangkabau tribe: the city of Medan, Coal District, West Coast
10. Interest Aceh: Medan
11. Javanese: East & West Coasts
12. Ethnic Chinese: the Urban East & West coast.
Language
Basically, a language widely used is Indonesian. Said the majority ethnic Malays Deli Indonesian because the proximity of the Malay language with the Indonesian language. Eastern coastal areas are like Bedagai Serdang, Dodek Base, Coal, Asahan, and Tanjung Balai, wearing Malay Dialect "O" as well as in Labuhan Stone with little difference in range. In the district of Langkat still use Malay Dialects "E" is often also called the language of the Maya-maya. There are still many descendants of Javanese contract (Jadel - Java Deli) that tells the Java language.
In urban areas, the ethnic Chinese Hokkien language prevalent in addition to telling the Indonesian language. In the mountains, said tribal Batak Batak language, divided into four dialects (Silindung-Samosir-Humbang-Toba). Nias language spoken by the tribes in Nias Island of Nias. While the West Coast people, such as Sibolga, Central Tapanuli, and Mandailing Natal using Minangkabau
Religion
The main religion in North Sumatra are:
Government center is located in North Sumatra city of Medan. Previously, North Sumatra province of Sumatra belong to the moment Indonesia became independent in 1945. In 1950. North Sumatra Province was formed covering most of Aceh. In 1956, Aceh was separated into the Autonomous Region of North Sumatra Province.
North Sumatra is divided to 25 districts, 8 cities (former municipality), 325 sub-districts and 5456 villages / village.
Population
North Sumatra province is the fourth largest population in Indonesia after West Java, East Java and Central Java. According to the results of a complete enumeration of Census of Population (SP) in 1990 the population of North Sumatra on October 31, 1990 (Census Day) amounted to 10.81 million people, and in 2002, the population of North Sumatra is as busy as 11.85 million people. Population density of North Sumatra in 1990 was 143 inhabitants per km ² and in 2002 increased to 165 people per km ², while the increased levels of population growth of North Sumatra during the period 1990-2000 is 1.20 percent per year.
Labor Force Participation levels (LFPR) of North Sumatra each year is not fixed. In 2000 LFPR in this area amounting to 57.34 per cent, in 2001 rose to 57.70 percent, in 2002 rose again to 69.45 percent.
And the last based on the results of Population Census 2010 census, the population of North Sumatra province reached 12,985,075 people,
Tribe
North Sumatra is a multi-ethnic province with Batak, Nias, and the Malays as the indigenous people of this region. Eastern seaboard of North Sumatra, is generally inhabited by the Malays. West coast of Barus until Christmas, many people living Minangkabau. The central region around Lake Toba, many Batak tribe who inhabited by mostly Christian. Nias island tribe in the west. Since the opening of the tobacco plantations in East Sumatra, Dutch East Indies colonial government brought many contract laborers employed on the plantation. Immigrants are mostly from ethnic Javanese and Chinese. Distribution center tribes in North Sumatra, as follows:
1. Malay Deli: East Coast, especially in the district of Deli Serdang, Serdang Bedagai, and Langkat
2. Karo Batak Tribe: Karo Regency
3. Toba Batak tribes: North Tapanuli, Humbang Hasundutan, Toba Samosir
4. Batak tribe Mandailing: Mandailing Natal
5. Batak tribe Angkola: South Tapanuli and ^ Back to top
6. Batak tribe Simalungun: District Simalungun
7. Batak tribe Pakpak: Dairi and West Pakpak
8. Interest Nias: Nias Island
9. Minangkabau tribe: the city of Medan, Coal District, West Coast
10. Interest Aceh: Medan
11. Javanese: East & West Coasts
12. Ethnic Chinese: the Urban East & West coast.
Language
Basically, a language widely used is Indonesian. Said the majority ethnic Malays Deli Indonesian because the proximity of the Malay language with the Indonesian language. Eastern coastal areas are like Bedagai Serdang, Dodek Base, Coal, Asahan, and Tanjung Balai, wearing Malay Dialect "O" as well as in Labuhan Stone with little difference in range. In the district of Langkat still use Malay Dialects "E" is often also called the language of the Maya-maya. There are still many descendants of Javanese contract (Jadel - Java Deli) that tells the Java language.
In urban areas, the ethnic Chinese Hokkien language prevalent in addition to telling the Indonesian language. In the mountains, said tribal Batak Batak language, divided into four dialects (Silindung-Samosir-Humbang-Toba). Nias language spoken by the tribes in Nias Island of Nias. While the West Coast people, such as Sibolga, Central Tapanuli, and Mandailing Natal using Minangkabau
Religion
The main religion in North Sumatra are:
- Islam: mainly embraced by ethnic Malays, Coastal, Minangkabau, Javanese, Acehnese, Mandailing Batak tribe, some Batak Karo, Simalungun and Pakpak
- Christian (Protestant and Catholic): mainly embraced by tribal Batak Karo, Toba, Simalungun, Pakpak, Mandailing and Nias
- Hindu: mainly embraced by ethnic Tamils in the urban
- Buddha: primarily embraced by the tribe urban Peranakan
- Confucius: especially embraced by the tribe urban Peranakan
- Parmalim: embraced by most of the Batak tribe based in the High Huta
- Animism: there is still embraced by the Batak tribe, namely the belief Pelebegu Parhabonaron and the like
Architecture
In the field of art that stands out is the traditional house architecture which is a blend of the art of carving and sculpture and art crafts. Architecture of traditional houses found in various forms ornamen.Pada general form of building custom homes in Batak indigenous group represents "standing buffalo". This is more clearly by decorating the top of the roof with a buffalo head.
The traditional house of Batak tribes named Ruma Batak. Standing tall and stately, and still mostly found in Samosir.
Karo traditional house looks great and is higher compared to other traditional house. The roof made of palm fiber and is usually coupled with the roofs of the smaller triangular-called "come-come on home" and "tersek". With soaring roof layered Karo's house has a distinctive shape compared with other traditional houses that have only one layer of roofing in North Sumatra.
Form of custom homes in the area Simalungun quite attractive. Complex custom homes in the village of Ancient Causeway consists of several buildings that house Bolon, Bolon hall, drying, abstinence hall needs and mortar.
Mandailing typical building that stands out is the so-called "Bagas Tower" (home Namora Natoras) and "Sopo Godang" (hall customary deliberation).
Coastal Sibolga custom home look more stately and more beautiful than any other custom home. This custom home is still standing strong in the National House lawn Sibolga.
Dance
Traditional dance repertory includes various types. There are magical, in the form of sacred dance, and there is entertainment which is just a form of dance profane. In addition to traditional dance that is part of traditional ceremonies, sacred dances are usually danced by plaintive-datu. Including this type of dance is a dance teacher and dance tungkat. Datu menarikannya waving a magic wand called Single Panaluan.
Profane dance social dance is usually young people who danced at the party happy. Tortor there who danced at the wedding. Usually danced by the audience, including the bride and also the young people. This youth dance, for example morah-morah, parakut, sipajok, plate-plate and kebangkiung often. Dance magic dance tortor nasiaran eg, single tortor panaluan. Magical dance is usually performed with a full kekhusukan.
In addition there are also dances Batak Malay dances like Serampang XII.
Crafting
In addition to architecture, weaving an interesting craft of Batak tribe. Examples of this are woven songket cloth and ulos. Ulos a traditional Batak cloth that is used in marriage ceremonies, death, founded the house, art, etc.. Ulos fabric made from cotton yarn or jute. Ulos color is usually black, white, and red that has a specific meaning. Meanwhile, other colors are symbolic of the variation of life.
At any rate Pakpak woven known as topical. Oles base color is usually brown or black and white.
At Karo tribe there is woven known as UIs. UIS is usually a basic color dark blue and red.
At Coastal tribes are known by the name woven songket Barus. Usually the base color of this craft is Dark Red or Yellow Gold.
Food typical
Typical food in Northern Sumatra is very varied, depending on the area. Saksang and pig roast is very familiar to those who carry out the party as well as home cooking.
Suppose such areas Pakpak Dairi, Pelleng is a typical food with a very spicy flavor.
In the land itself is dengke naniarsik Batak which is a fish that digulai without using coconut. For flavor, Batak land is a paradise for food lovers too hot and spicy coconut milk. PASITUAK NATONGGI or money to buy the sweet sap is a very intimate there, illustrate how close Tuak or juice with their lives.
In the field of art that stands out is the traditional house architecture which is a blend of the art of carving and sculpture and art crafts. Architecture of traditional houses found in various forms ornamen.Pada general form of building custom homes in Batak indigenous group represents "standing buffalo". This is more clearly by decorating the top of the roof with a buffalo head.
The traditional house of Batak tribes named Ruma Batak. Standing tall and stately, and still mostly found in Samosir.
Karo traditional house looks great and is higher compared to other traditional house. The roof made of palm fiber and is usually coupled with the roofs of the smaller triangular-called "come-come on home" and "tersek". With soaring roof layered Karo's house has a distinctive shape compared with other traditional houses that have only one layer of roofing in North Sumatra.
Form of custom homes in the area Simalungun quite attractive. Complex custom homes in the village of Ancient Causeway consists of several buildings that house Bolon, Bolon hall, drying, abstinence hall needs and mortar.
Mandailing typical building that stands out is the so-called "Bagas Tower" (home Namora Natoras) and "Sopo Godang" (hall customary deliberation).
Coastal Sibolga custom home look more stately and more beautiful than any other custom home. This custom home is still standing strong in the National House lawn Sibolga.
Dance
Traditional dance repertory includes various types. There are magical, in the form of sacred dance, and there is entertainment which is just a form of dance profane. In addition to traditional dance that is part of traditional ceremonies, sacred dances are usually danced by plaintive-datu. Including this type of dance is a dance teacher and dance tungkat. Datu menarikannya waving a magic wand called Single Panaluan.
Profane dance social dance is usually young people who danced at the party happy. Tortor there who danced at the wedding. Usually danced by the audience, including the bride and also the young people. This youth dance, for example morah-morah, parakut, sipajok, plate-plate and kebangkiung often. Dance magic dance tortor nasiaran eg, single tortor panaluan. Magical dance is usually performed with a full kekhusukan.
In addition there are also dances Batak Malay dances like Serampang XII.
Crafting
In addition to architecture, weaving an interesting craft of Batak tribe. Examples of this are woven songket cloth and ulos. Ulos a traditional Batak cloth that is used in marriage ceremonies, death, founded the house, art, etc.. Ulos fabric made from cotton yarn or jute. Ulos color is usually black, white, and red that has a specific meaning. Meanwhile, other colors are symbolic of the variation of life.
At any rate Pakpak woven known as topical. Oles base color is usually brown or black and white.
At Karo tribe there is woven known as UIs. UIS is usually a basic color dark blue and red.
At Coastal tribes are known by the name woven songket Barus. Usually the base color of this craft is Dark Red or Yellow Gold.
Food typical
Typical food in Northern Sumatra is very varied, depending on the area. Saksang and pig roast is very familiar to those who carry out the party as well as home cooking.
Suppose such areas Pakpak Dairi, Pelleng is a typical food with a very spicy flavor.
In the land itself is dengke naniarsik Batak which is a fish that digulai without using coconut. For flavor, Batak land is a paradise for food lovers too hot and spicy coconut milk. PASITUAK NATONGGI or money to buy the sweet sap is a very intimate there, illustrate how close Tuak or juice with their lives.
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